Friday, May 31, 2019

Tibet Essay -- Country Government Essays

TibetAbstractThe purpose of this paper is to give a descriptive account of the current atrocities being enforced by the Communist Chinese in the unlawfully booked state of Tibet and the events, political and militant, that gave rise to these events since Communist Invasion and occupation in 1959. I visualize to give a brief description of the political, legal, and military issues as well as the human rights violations that have occurred since 1959. This paper will convey my deep insolence towards human suffering, especially genocide and the apathetic response to it, the highest atrocity of man in my opinion. Facts about Tibet.14,000 feet above sea level, high in the Himalayan Mountains lies Tibet, an occupied colony of the Peoples Republic of chinaware. This small state consists of 6,000,000 Tibetans, 99% of whom illegally practice Tibetan Buddhism, called Mahatlayan, and an undetermined number of Chinese colonists. The national language is Tibetan, though the impudent official language is Chinese. The economy is maintained by agricultural and animal husbandry, practiced by the Tibetans, and governmental commerce and service, practiced by the Chinese, who are straight off estimated to outnumber the native Tibetans. There are, in a sense, two governments of Tibet. The first is the Communist regime, headed by Party officials. The second is the government-in-exile being held in Dharamsala, in northern India, a stateless republic led by the Dalai Lama. Overview of Chinese Invasion and Destruction of Tibet 1949-1959.During the establishment of a new Communist government in 1959, China sent an expeditionary force to Tibet in 1959. Tibet was forced to sign a treaty that acknowledged Chinese sovereignty over Tibet, though Ti... ...cMillian. 1960. Goldstein, Melvyn. History of ripe Tibet, 1913-1951. London, University of California Press 1989. United States House Committee on International Relations Current status on negotiations between the Tibetan government in exile and the Peoples Republic of China Hearing before the C.I.R., House of Representatives, 105th Congress, November 6th, 1997, Released by Washington U.S.G.P.O., 1998. Chinas Public Relations Strategy on Tibet www.afn.org/afn20372/pol/bp.html (5-4-09) Tibetan Studies WWW Virtual Library www.ciolek.com/WWWVL-TibetanStudies.html (5-4-09) Home Page of Tibet www.omni.cc.purdue.edu/wtu/tibet/Welcome.html (5-4-09) Tibet www.asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/countries/tibet/ (5-4-09) In the Court of His Holiness The Dalai Lama www.tibet.com/ (5-4-09)

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Use of Humor in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet :: William Shakespeare

Use of Humor in Romeo and Juliet           Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeares most famous acquires. One, could give umteen reasons as to why this play became such a huge success, but one of the most important reasons could be the use of humour in the play. The important reason for doing this could be to relieve the tensions in the play, and to entertain and keep the Elizabethan audience interested.           Humour plays a very significant part in the play as it allows Shakespeare to create a lot of contrasts and moods, as and when he wants to. In Romeo and Juliet humour occurs in three forms. The first being, humour by the use of puns, ridicule and jokes. The second being through the actions of founts and by their behaviour and the third by the incidents of the play. Shakespeare uses eccentric persons like Mercutio and the Nurse to bring out the comical element of the play, and each character does th is in a different way.           One of Shakespeares tools used to evoke humour is the ridicule that is aimed at a particular character. Some of the funniest moments are when one character is sarcastic to another. One of the best examples of this is when Capulet asks Lady Capulet for a sword and she replies A crutch, a crutch Why call you for a sword? In this line the mockery of Capulet is obvious and appealing to the audience as it is direct.           Shakespeare is known to be fond of puns and uses them quite regularly but he doesnt use them as often as the Elizabethan audience expected him to. Shakespeare starts of the play with a lot of humour, with the conversation between Sampson and Gregory, both of them using a lot of puns. This type of punning, for example on the words coals, collier, choler, collar, goes on till the end of the play. The Elizabethan audience used to like puns and hence although Shakespe are has used many vulgar puns, it still has a positive effect on the popularity of the play. Although in the Act I Scene 1 there is a fight between the families the humour in the place setting makes us forget the seriousness of the fight.

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

Marketing Is Marketing :: essays research papers

IntroductionMarketing is marketing, irrespective of the product or marketplace. This is a theme common to many introductory marketing texts and degree courses. The two most common exceptions cited to this proposition are buying behavior models between consumers and disdain buyers and the extended ingredients of the services marketing mix. While the oerall sentiments of marketing hold true across product and market boundaries, perhaps the differences are in item more marked? Intends to spark some discussion pertaining to the finale to which marketers can safely generalize when discussing the nature and characteristics of marketing. Are we correct in offering students and in-company homework program generalizations that cut across the marketing domain? Are we doing justice to the core nuances if we simply draw out the variations between consumer goods, services, industrial and fear-to-business marketing? Is in that location a different perspective that should, in the new millenni um, be the focus of textbooks and marketing courses? Content Indicators readability, Practice implications, originality, Research Implications* Marketing is marketing, irrespective of the product or marketplace.This is a theme common to many introductory marketing texts and courses. The two most common exceptions cited to this proposition are buying behavior models between consumers and business buyers and the extended ingredients of the services marketing mix (cf. Dibb et al., 1997 Kotler, 1998). While the overall sentiments of marketing hold true across product and market boundaries, perhaps the differences are in fact more marked?The marketers of services were the first to speak out, arguing that the nature of marketing is different owing to the basic characteristics of services intangibility direct organization-client relationship consumer participation in the production process and Complexity.The upshot for services marketers has been the extension of the marketing mix from the classical product, price, place (channel) and promotion 4Ps to allow at least people, physical evidence (ambience) and process. These marketers also point to the characteristics of services, notably intangibility of the service product, restricting opportunities for creating a differential advantage over competitors, with the inevitable dependence for differentiation and competitive edge on branding initiatives and personnel.While services marketers hand outlined significant differences for their marketing, on the whole, texts and marketers have argued there are relatively only minor differences between the marketing of consumer goods and industrial or business-to-business goods. This paper is intended to spark some discussion pertaining to the extent to which marketers can safely generalize when discussing the nature and characteristics of industrial, business-to-business marketing.

Comparing Knowledge in Descartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy and H

Comparing Knowledge in Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy and Humes An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Rationalists would claim that knowledge comes from agent or ideas, while empiricists would answer that knowledge is derived from the senses or impressions. The difference between these two philosophical schools of thought, with respect to the distinction between ideas and impressions, can be examined in order to determine how these schools determine the source of knowledge. The distinguishing factor that determines the perspective on the foundation of knowledge is the concept of the divine. Descartes is a prime example of a rationalist. Descartes begins his Meditations on First Philosophy by doubting his senses in the first meditation. From time to time I Descartes have found that the senses deceive, and it is prudent never to trust exclusively those who have deceived us even once(Descartes 12). In the second meditation, Descartes begins t o rebuild the world he broke down in the first meditation by establishing cogito ergo sum with the aid of natural light. It is with this intuition that the cogito is established, from the cogito, intellect, from the intellect, knowledge thus knowledge has been defined in this world that Descartes is constructing from scratch. Descartes uses the fact that he is a cerebration thing to establish the existence of other things in the world with the cosmological and ontological arguments, as well as a meditation on right and falsity. So now I seem to be able to lay it down as a general rule that whatever I observe very clearly and distinctly is true (Descartes 24). Descartes only utilizes his perceptions to establish ideas of the things t... ...traced back to original impressions.The source of knowledge is not a topic that is universally concord upon. To rationalists, who usually have a sense of the divine, indwelling ideas give them cause to base knowledge in reason, being deri ved from ideas. To empiricists, who do not hold innate ideas to be valid, knowledge is unearthed through the senses, derived from observations. The presence of a concept of the divine is the deciding factor of whether knowledge originates from the senses or the ideas.Works CitedAristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by Terence Irwin. Hackett Publishing social club Indianapolis. 1985.Descartes, Rene. Meditations on First Philosophy. Translated by John Cottingham. Cambridge University Press Cambridge. 1996.Hume, David. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. 2nd edition. Hackett Publishing Indianapolis. 1993.

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

Essay --

Knowledge is Power. When people are asked what the key to success in life is, a few things come to their mind being charismatic, being born into a wealthy family and knowing the right people, have a high paying job, or just plain luck. Although all of the above are true, the true key to success is noesis. To have knowledge is to have options is to have power. Illiteracy is derived from the lack of knowledge or awareness from people. To eradicate the social divide and economic decline people must first be informed of the causes and effects of illiteracy to flummox an affective solution. The impending threats to global infrastructure are not economic collapse, terrorism, climate changes, overpopulation, poverty, or even lack of fossil fuels it is a deeper and simpler threat- illiteracy, (Top Ten List). The estimated damage of global rescue is USD 1.19 trillion dollars. One-fifth of the world is suffering with illiteracy, which means there are more than 796 million people who unable to read or write, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). This large number can be attributed to many causes such as attitudes towards learning, geographical factors, disabilities, and gender bias, (Nayak). Problems are present in third world countries as well as first world countries. These people are trapped in a make pass of poverty with limited opportunities for employment or income generation, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). This cycle of poverty leads to other problems such as crime, dependence on welfare, health issues, unemployment or debt. Il literate person people earn about 30%-40% less than literate counterparts, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). The income they make stays consistent throughout their lives. On the other hand, literate people make 2 or 3 times more than wha... ... affects economy because of lost profitability and productivity, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). Constantly having to yap mistakes and losing potential customers are an opportunity cost from having illiterate employees. The c ost of finding a skilled staff to fix issues is very difficult for smaller businesses. Illiterate employees make communication harder and often miscommunicate causing internal problems. Illiteracy costs a developed nation 2% of its GDP, an emerging economy 1.2% of GDP, and a developing country 0.5% of GDP, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). Illiteracy limits the ability to access, comprehend, and apply health related issues thus resulting in a household with distressing personal hygiene and nutrition. Illiterate people are trapped in a cycle of poverty and are more likely to turn to a life of crime and depend on social welfare and charity, (Cree, Kay, Steward).

Essay --

Knowledge is Power. When people atomic number 18 asked what the key to success in life is, a few things come to their mind being charismatic, being natural into a wealthy family and knowing the right people, have a high paying job, or just plain luck. Although all of the above ar received, the true key to success is knowledge. To have knowledge is to have options is to have power. illiteracy is derived from the lack of knowledge or awareness from people. To eradicate the social divide and scotch decline people must first be informed of the causes and effects of illiteracy to draw an affective solution. The impending threats to global infrastructure are non economic collapse, terrorism, climate changes, overpopulation, poverty, or even lack of fossil fuels it is a deeper and simpler threat- illiteracy, (Top Ten List). The estimated cost of global economy is USD 1.19 trillion dollars. One-fifth of the world is unworthy with illiteracy, which means there are more than 796 millio n people who unable to read or write, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). This large number can be attributed to many causes such(prenominal) as attitudes towards learning, geographical factors, disabilities, and gender bias, (Nayak). Problems are present in third world countries as well as first world countries. These people are pin down in a cycle of poverty with limited opportunities for employment or income generation, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). This cycle of poverty leads to another(prenominal) problems such as crime, dependence on welfare, health issues, unemployment or debt. Illiterate people earn about 30%-40% less than literate counterparts, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). The income they make stays consistent throughout their lives. On the other hand, literate people make 2 or 3 times more than wha... ... affects economy because of lost profitability and productivity, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). Constantly having to fix mistakes and losing potential customers are an opportunity cost from having illiterate employees. The cost of finding a skilled staff to fix issues is very difficult for smaller businesses. Illiterate employees make colloquy harder and often miscommunicate causing internal problems. Illiteracy costs a developed nation 2% of its GDP, an emerging economy 1.2% of GDP, and a developing country 0.5% of GDP, (Cree, Kay, and Steward). Illiteracy limits the ability to access, comprehend, and apply health related issues thus resulting in a household with poor personal hygiene and nutrition. Illiterate people are trapped in a cycle of poverty and are more likely to turn to a life of crime and depend on social welfare and charity, (Cree, Kay, Steward).

Monday, May 27, 2019

Kate in all my sons Essay

?How does Miller use representations of speech and other dramatic techniques to present the font of Kate in this extr turn of events and in one other extract in the play? Section from the start of act 3 to the stage direction Jim exits to bridle-path To beginact 3, Arthur Miller uses dramatic stage directions to set the scene. These stage directions present the character of Kate in a deranged way. It says that she is rocking forever in a chair. The use of the adverb ceaselessly suggests that her temperament is somewhat unstable.Following these stage directions, Miller begins the dialogue of the extract with an interrogative utterance from Jim any news? , it is interesting that Jim comes straight in with a question and doesnt form a phatic utterance to begin conversation with Kate. It makes the atmosphere feel more formal and dull. Kates response is extremely pitiable which means she isnt open to any other sort of conversation with Jim no news. This adjacency pair makes it clear that kate is not one for phatic conversation, this is know by Jim who doesnt attempt any chit chat with her.when Jim says you cant sit up all night, dear, why dont you go confirm to bed? , in brackets, it says that he speaks gently. This has the connotation that Kate is fragile and requires to be spoken to in a gentler manner. The character of Kate is displayed at depressed. Miller does this by the short and moderate replies she gives Jim. An example to show this is when Jim says dont be afraid, Kate, I know, Ive always known and all she says tooshie is how? . This one worded interrogative utterance tells us that she is disinterested in what Jim has to say and also that she has other burning issues on her mind.Also when Jim explains and describes to Kate in detail how chris is going to come back and he makes an case to convince her and put her mind at ease. Regardless of his effort, kate still replies coldly with a short just as long as he comes back. It is almost as if she doesnt recognise that Chris is trying to be kind to her. this shows the character of kate in a unfriendly light. the second extract is in act one when kate gives a speech which explains the dream she had about Larry.

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Our Daily Bread Essay

Our Daily Bread, as the title suggests this is not about bread, as I hoped it was. Rather its about people earning their bread, their livelihood. The term bread is derived from the larger term bread-winner as the one who is the primary provider of the ho lend oneselfhold, and the cursory bread is plain referring their daily livelihood. As my time spent in the US, I often used to wonder how the different intellectual nourishment companies were able to produce mass derive of food to keep the population fed. This movie is the answer and the revelation of how food is produced in Europe and the Western hemisphere. The film starts off as we get a glimpse of daily sanitation rituals being carried off at a meat farm. The different scenes show us to transportation of livestock, forge assisted tearing of plants, and a conveyor belt at a poultry farm where they separate the males from the female chickens (I know this as I have seen this through ahead in a different setting). The weapon ry at poultry farm shows precision and competency as it sorts the young chicks into moving bins. The vaccination routine is also machine assisted which increases efficiency and production for the poultry farm.After few seconds, the young chicks have swelled and we argon shown the worker feeding them. The shot transitions into a break of serve room where the worker is on a break with bread and tea, all alone. Next, we get the scene from a vegetable farm. A tractor picks the potatoes from the ground. Next shot, the workers prepare and smash protective gears to apply pesticides and sow inrs to the plants. But about of the work is done by machine assistance, needing almost no human intervention. It bes as the vegetables are being grown inside a greenhouse setting which allows vegetables to be grown all year long, without any weather restrictions. The only human labour being done is picking of the ripened vegetables. After work, the worker seem to be enjoying a small break, agai n alone. Now we see a bull and a terrify where it seems breeding is in process. A closer look and we find that the workers are actually collecting the sperm. We find the sperm is transferred to medical examinations, I dont know exactly why but possibility could be to efficiently use the sperms to fertilize every fertile egg they outhouse afford without any loss.And of course, we see a healthy calf being born. But it is pretty amusing to see how the cow was cut open and the calf was pulled out, how could that really be possible? How much medication could the animal be on since it wasnt moving or making any noise as such? And are there any advantages of this type of birth for animal? Next, we see a series of shots of men in tractors who are doing farm work with machine assistance. This shows the efficiency that is earned by machine which helps humans achieve much with less time spent and more time to spend on luxury, or more work. We return back to the poultry farm, the egg farmin g room to be exact. The eggs are hatched and due to the design, they are conveniently accessible by the farmers to pick. A worker is shown to be holding a chicken as he walks around the egg farm, possibly to warn other hens who dont lay eggs.In actual note, he maybe was checking for chickens which are dead. In the abutting shot, the workers are transported to a huge plantation to harvest crops exploitation below the ground, only time where tractors arent used. This is possibly the first time where machine use is limited to just watering the plants. Now we are shown our way to a pig farm. They are transported on a communication channel into a machine where they are slaughtered by a machine. The human labour is limited to keep the line moving and in order. The machines are also used for most of the heavy work as boiling the skin and dissecting the pigs open. The human job is limited to killing up whatever else the machines may have left out and separating internal parts. We are a lso shown the marvel of modern technology with a biplane is used to fertilize the crops. There are also shots of heavy machinery usage in farms. Then we see a moving harvest truck where the outside workers are picking the vegetables and inside simply packaging them.Now we move to a cow-ranch. The cows are milked by machines in a rotating carousel. The cows dont seem to listen so much, as it seems to be part of their daily routine. Next, a visit to the deep underground salt mines where machines are used to do most of the heavy work such as carrying out the salt from place to place and outside the mine itself. A transition moves from underground to underwater as we see a fish-farm where hundreds and hundreds of fishes are seen in a small area. This also makes it easier for the huge pipe to suck out the fishes from the water and into the boat. They are transported to a grinder where humans align the fishes to feed into the machines. Apparently the machines havent learned to distingui sh the fish head from the tail, yet. The fishes are cut and cleaned by series of machines and indeed moved onto another human where he puts them on another machine to move them to another section. Here, the worker seems pretty bored of the routine task he has, perhaps feeling like the machine at this point because of his job task. Next we see bunch of workers cleaning the fish for final prep forrader shipping them out.Now we come to a pig-farm. The two series of shots seems interesting as the first represented insemination of pigs by tube and next shows the piglets born in captivity, just like The Matrix. Just like in the movies, they grow up and the next shot seems as if the male pigs were being castrated. One can only understand why so, as they dont want to overproduce and give out the employees any bonuses. Or maybe not. The next series of shots show how chicken and cattle are prepared for consumption as they are killed by the machines with little or less human effort necessit ate in the process. The final shot shows the end of the day routine- how everything is cleaned and sanitized for the next day of work. Despite all this, the workers in all places couldnt wait for their daily bread, their hard earned break from their work.Perhaps the routine manner of their tasks has become so innate to them that they dont seem to mind how their own food is being produced. For me, it was a bit amusing and shocking to see the conditions of animals but maybe after a few more views, I wouldnt mind it either. This movie shows the heavy usage of machinery used in the production of food, be it salt, pigs, chicken, vegetables, fish, or pigs. It was also amusing, in a way, to see how breeding had gone into the next level by scientific usage to effectively get their result financially and also in economic ways to feed the ever growing world population. It seemed as almost if humans were not the only ones alienated from nature, but also the animals which were being artificiall y inseminated and mutilated against their wills.The workers didnt seem to wield much for what they were doing either, as long as it made their breads. It seemed as they had been trained to do this for so long that they were used to it- like machines with machine hearts and machine minds. In another view, the unnatural size of the bulls in the breeding house seemed as if they were so-much genetically engineered to produce the maximum amount of meat possible. Perhaps they had compound something in the dry grass that was being blown into their small cages they were put-in. The growing population also has seemed to affect the unnatural process by which plants were grown with usages of pesticides and fertilizers.The use of greenhouses portrays, in a way, the plants alienation from nature as it was now possible to grow all plants in any weather or conditions. The absence of narration or subtitles leaves the movie-watcher to make their own conclusion and perspective. The filmmaker, as I understand, doesnt want to change our habits but simply be aware(predicate) of the ways in how the planet is being fed. If anything, this should be seen by as many people as possible to make them aware of the status of food production and the status of the subjects which are involved in the food production i.e. humans, plants and animals alike. I must say some of the scenes in the movie are tranquillity disturbing but that is the current status of our population and food production required to feed them.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Knowledge without Character

Taking a much inclusive view of the biblic whollyy-based sevensome noxious Sins, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (i.e. Mahatma Gandhi) wrote his version the Seven Deadly Social Sins. One of the sins he warns of is Knowledge without address, and to understand why he reads this combination as a potential sin, one must look at what Gandhi thought of education (Hansen).Of education, Gandhi said, The ancient aphorism Education is that which liberates, is as authentic as it was before. . . . . Knowledge includes all training that is useful for the service of mankind and going means freedom of all manner of servitude . . . . . . slavery and domination from outside and to ones own artificial needs. The cognition acquired in the pursuit of this ideal alone contributes to true study. (Gandhi & Education)A simple interpretation of this statement requires that those who are currently pursuing a higheducation in a collegiate aspect need to analyze their reasons for doing so, and if they find thatthe potential to earn a greater income is the primary drive, they are headed down a path of socialsin. Students need to upset the bigger picture what can their particular academic interests doto make the world a better place? Can the lessons learned in an economic science class be applied tothat students participation in local government to a solution to nation-wide obliteration ofhomelessness to increasing the wealth of the constitutional world so that no human being is faced withdying of hunger or is that lesson merely a small step towards making more money for a privateenterprise?A grander interpretation of these address could be applied to the current desire to end terrorism. Looking back to WWII, the scientific knowledge needed to create the nuclear bomb was used without genius. Without taking sides or creating a political debate, the fact is that the United States of America dropped two atomic bombs on Japan, and no other country before or since has dropped an atomi c bomb in an act of war (Burr).Moving back to today, it is the United States that is leaders the fight against terrorism, and that fight began as an eradication of world-wide weapons of mass destructionweapons that were made possible and whose force was proven by the same nation that is currently performing as the worlds watchdog. Fortunately, the United States is getting a second chance if we are able to combat terrorism and eliminate the threat of atomic weapons and their kin, it may be that the knowledge gained so long ago regarding the devastation of the atom bomb will be applied today with the necessary character by assuring all of humanity that such force will never again be unleashed.The reason that the Social Sin of Knowledge without Character is such a great threat to humanity is directly related to the degree of power that is inherent to the possession of knowledge. Looking back at the troth of Frederick Douglass, a man born into slavery who taught himself to read and wr ite so that he might better understand his captors and eventually escape his enslavement, it is clear that go away the knowledge of reading and writing, he never would bring forth had the power to forge his papers and flee to the South (Douglass passim).Today, politicians, attorneys, the media, and others like them who generate the information used by society to stay informed must comprehend the responsibility of what they do. The power they possess to control the knowledge that is dispersed into society demands that they have the character to present all sides of an issue and report only factual detailsof course, as Gandhi predicted, the character flaws inherent in the average human being often precludes the knowledge being disseminated in a manner that is completely accurate and/or honorable.Consumers of this information must take it upon themselves to assess what they read and hear and are told with a critical eye, and when discrepancies are found, each observer must demand cor rection. The knowledge needed to assess information critically is often honed in the arena of higher education, so individuals involved in academia have an opportunity to gain knowledge and apply that knowledge with strength of character.Patrick Bassett expresses the relationship between educators and Gandhis Seven Social Sins in this way, we must continually seek to discover opportunities to challenge our students and to have them challenge us on values issues. We must continually seek to carve out time to address issues of the community. We must continually keep the moral agenda before us. When our first and second curricula merge, we teach youngsters to avoid all of Gandhis sins and perhaps a few of their own design. (Bassett)As responsible individuals in a world that is partially in our hands, we must each consider the words of Gandhi and our connection to them. It may be the role of the educator to plan actions, but it is the role of the student to take them. If this were not the case, the words spoken by Gandhi would have fallen uselessly to the ground, never having been truly heard and incorporated into the lives of those who have both the necessary knowledge and character.Works CitedBassett, Patrick F. Do the Right Thing The Case for moral Education. NAIS Academic Forum. Dec. 1995. Independent Schools Association of the Central States.Burr, William. Ed. The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II A Collection of Primary Sources National credentials Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 162. The National Security Archive. 5 Aug. 2005. 27 Sept. 2006. .Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself. in the raw York Dodo, 2005.Gandhi & Education Basic Education (Buniyadi Shiksha). MKGandi.Org The Complete Site on Mahatma Gandhi. 25 Sept. 2006. .Hansen, Paul. Biblical Justice Consultancy Gandhis Seven Deadly Social Sins A Reflection. Redemptorists of the Edmonton-Toronto Province. 2005. 27 Sept. 20 06. .

Friday, May 24, 2019

Iphone and Ipad Innovation

judging 1 Case Study Report The winner of the iPod and iPh unrivaled raises the licensing question for orchard apple tree again. 1. Use the Cyclic Innovation Model figure to illustrate process in this case and provide a brief commentary? Innovation refers to the successful implementation and introduction of new products and services to the market. The Cyclic Innovation Model specific tout ensembley focuses on the innovation processes, looking at the feature and providing a broad perspective. The Cyclic innovation modern does not coincide with the linear-chain concept rather represents the circle with four invitees of Change.These are * Scientific look for * technical development * Product creation * Market transition (Berkhout & Rietdijk, 2010) There are also the Cycles of Change which inspire, correct and supplement. In order for the organisation to propound and connect with various organisations, markets, business and appeal to other disciplines (Berkhout, Hartmann & Trott, 2 010) these processes will need to be managed efficiently and effectively by a sole figure who anchores and distributes these cycles.orchard apple tree address the consumers needs and wants by introducing a smart MP3 player that subjugated competitor products for years. The IPod is a clear example on how an organisation can properly execute the Cyclic Innovation Model. The IPod introduction and implementation can be broken down into the various steps and nodes. Initially, the Scientific Research Node collects development from market variations and lifestyles variations. With the introduction of my IPod, the social change was that everyone began to want one, therefore the demand increased and also corresponded with the music industry.The Product Creation Node allows them to establish and husband the product to suit the needs and wants of consumer, considering the changes over time meaning it will be required to upgrade with the improving social recognition of the market. The impro vements of the market leads to the Technological Development Node which recognizes and meets required improvements in the product and then incorporate it with the existing product to allow consumers to easily adopt and absorb.The Market Transition Node is the final products introduction to the market. The introduction of the product is essential leading to evaluate increasing as well as demand increasing. 2. With sales if iPod falling and Apple facing fierce competition from all quarters such as Sony, Dell, Samsung and other electronics firms as well as mobile strait makers who are incorporating MP3 players in their machinations, can the iPod survive? Success FailurePortability of music is essential in current lifestyles Preference of an all-in-one product (Phone, internet, mp3) Increase iTunes usage and sales High value for just a single product Target adolescents who are not able to spend too much on a smart phone Synchronisation requirements Decreasing interest on CD-Rom iTune s compatibility Opposing the iPod is the newly introduced iPhone. Many consumers will easily pay the added difference to purchase the mobile device that has an internal iPod.This product has enabled Apple to fight off competitors who have looked at possible beating the organisation to creating such a product. Even so, there is fluent a large portion of the market who have daily needs that are suited by the iPod. Examples can include people who use it spot at the gym or going for a run retail stores, cafes and restaurants that have background music playing and do not want to draw their phones, and parents who do not want to spend significantly on an iPhone.The biggest challenge for Apple would be the maintaining of interest in the iPod. Correct marketing advertisement and forwarding of the product will attract consumers who believe that it would be a product to match their needs. 3. How can Apple influence future technology developments or establish strategic alliances to ensure it is a dominant force in the hand-held devices that will incorporate both the cellphone and MP3? Apple has created each and every one of their products to integrate with all of their other products to a certain degree.This coexistence has allowed many consumers to only purchase Apple products so that they are all working together. For example, iMac computers, iTunes, iPhones, iPods and iPads all synchronise together to allow a consumer to have certain information and date on all devices. To have this working, Apple have also created a corpus to make each product user friendly, thus creating such interest that the brand has become one of the most popular household products in the world. Apple is simplifying modern day technology through user-friendly interfaces.The cooperation with the music industry must also continue to excel iTunes and have it prevailing across all of their products, as it is. Reference List 1. Berkout, G & Rietdijk J, 2010, Cyclic innovation model circular vis ion in open innovation viewed 18 March 2013 apportal. dedicated. nines/Cyclic-innovation-model. pdf 2. Berkout G, Hartmann D & Trott P 2010, Connecting technological capabilities with market needs using a cyclic innovation model, R&D Management, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 474-488. Turn-It-In Paper title Assessment 1 Paper ID 314036265

Thursday, May 23, 2019

Private School vs Public School Essay

Many existence inform facilities argon impressive others are mediocre. The same is true of clubby schools. In the public school strategy, the twin engines of governmental support and economic revenue base are critical. In private schools the ability to attract endowments and other forms of financial support are just as critical. Private school facilities reflect the success of the schools development team and that of the school to continue to generate alumni support. Some private K-12 schools take up facilities and creature comforts which surpass those found at many colleges and universities. Hotchkiss and Andover, for example, have libraries and athletic facilities on a par with those at Brown and Cornell.They also offer academic and sports programs which convey full use of all those resources. It is hard to find comparable facilities in the public sector. They are few and far between. unrestricted schools also reflect the economic realities of their location. Wealthy sub urban schools will have more than amenities than inner city schools as a rule. Think Greenwich, Connecticut versus Detroit, Michigan, for example. So, who has the edge? Lets call it a draw, all things considered. Class SizeAccording to the NCES report Private Schools A Brief Portrait private schools win out on this issue. Why? Most private schools have small class sizes. One of the key points of private education is respective(prenominal) attention. You need student to teacher ratios of 151 or better to achieve that goal of individual attention. On the other hand a public system has to take almost any one who lives in spite of appearance its boundaries. In public schools you will generally find much larger class sizes, sometimes exceeding 35-40 students in some inner city schools. At that point teaching rapidly degenerates into babysitting. Teaching unrestricted sector teachers are generally better paid. Naturally requital varies widely depending on the local economic situation. Put another way, its cheaper funding in Duluth, Minnesota than it is in San Francisco. Un aureately low starting salaries and small annual salary increases result in low teacher retention in many public school districts. Public sector benefits have historically been excellent however, health and pension terms have risen so dramatically since 2000 that public educators will be forced to pay or pay more for their benefits. Private school compensation tends to be somewhat lower than public. Again, much depends on the school and its financial resources.One private school benefit found especially in boarding schools is housing and meals. Private school pension schemes vary widely. Many schools use major pension providers such as TIAA-CREF Both public and private schools take on their teachers to be credentialed. This usually means a power point and a teaching certificate. Private schools tend to hire teachers with advanced degrees in their subject over teachers who have an educatio n degree. Put another way, a private school hiring a Spanish teacher will want that teacher to have a degree in Spanish language and literature as opposed to an education degree with a minor in Spanish. BudgetsSince local property taxes support the masses of public education, the annual school budget exercise is a serious fiscal and political business. In poor communities or communities which have many voters living on fixed incomes, on that point is precious little room to respond to budget requests within the frame tap of projected tax revenue. Grants from foundations and the business community are essential to creative funding. Private schools on the other hand can raise tuition, and they also can raise significant amounts of money from a word form of development activities, including annual appeals, cultivation of alumni and alumnae, and solicitation of grants from foundations and corporations. The strong allegiance to private schools by their alumni makes the chances of fund -raising success a real possibility in most cases. administrative SupportThe bigger the bureaucracy, the harder it is to get decisions made at all, much less get them made quickly. The public education system is notorious for having antiquated work rules and bloated bureaucracies. This is as a result of union contracts and host of political considerations. Private schools on the other hand generally have a lean commission structure. E very dollar spent has to come from operating income and endowment income. Those resources are finite. The other difference is that private schools rarely have teacher unions to deal with.Advantages and disadvantages in that respect are many advantages and disadvantages to both public and private schools. As a parent, both options must be explored and the choice must be based on what is right for each particular child. Public schools often have a larger variety of subjects available, especially when it comes to electives. However, what is learned is so mewhat decided by the bring up because public schools need to do well on standardized testing. Private schools, on the other hand, whether parochial or private have much more freedom of choice in curriculum and can choose to make their own assessments. Because of the individualized instruction, private schools tend to do generally better on standardized testing, that is, if they choose to use it. Private schools, many times, have more demanding curricula and have a high rate of students who go on to attend college. Public schools are larger and also have larger class sizes. Public schools also have larger student-teacher ratios.According to a web site called Public School Review, Private schools average 13 students per teacher, compared with an average of 16 students per teacher in public schools (public school review). However, public schools have certified teachers. Private schools typically have teachers who are not state-certified and who may not have expertise in their subjec t matter. The biggest difference between public and private schools probably is that public schools are required to educate all students. They cannot deny any student admission.On the other hand, private schools have complete control about which they strike and can kick students out much more easily. Public schools are funded by tax revenue whereas private schools are funded privately. That means private schools cost money to attend called tuition. Taxpayers pay for public schools so the payment is included in what people pay. However in private schools, the payment is upfront for students to attend. Overall, there is no one right answer for which kind of school a student attends-public or private. The decision must be made for each individual student as there are advantages and disadvantages of both.ComparisonsPrivate school can be more beneficial than going to a public school. Private schools counseling on preparing students for the next level of education public schools are foc used on test preparations sessions. Choosing the right school system for your child has a kick towards their future education. In the public school system the classrooms are overcrowded with students. Each class has an average of 27 to 30 students to it, which can limit the ability of one on one interaction with the teacher. A lot of the bullying issues come from the unstructured dress codes. This can create social divide to the less fortunate kids that cant afford all the name brand items. In public school teachers are quick to say your child needs to be on medication if they are high strung, without knowing what other forms of issues might be occurring in the home.When parents try to discipline their child at home the school seems to always try to step in. Some things should be up to the parents to handle without haven to worry about the school stepping in. In the private school system when a child enters the school for the first time he or she will start out with a minimal class size with no more than 20 students. This allows more one on one time with the teacher, it also opens up more time for activities. The private school has a very strictly enforced dress code to eliminate animosity between the students. The schools are very family oriented with parents and students being involved with school activities. Teachers and parents are held to higher standards from the private schools. Teachers are expected to continue to grow and parents are obligated to maintain discipline of their children even in their absence. The testing that takes place at private schools is called Terra Nova, and kids are tested two or three times a year.ConclusionSo, who comes out on top? Public schools or private schools As you can see, there are no clear-cut answers or conclusions. Public schools have their advantages and disadvantages. Private schools offer an alternative. Which works best for you? Thats the real research which you have to answer.

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

“The Great Gatsby” chapter 8 Essay

In the beginning of the chapter, we are made aware of Nicks soreness and anxious attitude regarding Gatsby and what is to become of him, suggesting that he should get away for a week, just now naturally, Gatsby refuses. He then goes onto describe the way that he and Daisy had first met and their family that had ensued, before Gatsby proposes he and Nick use the swimming pool for the first and last time that summer Nick has work to attend, and so declines his offer to leave, but not before paying him the only compliment he gave to him. Towards the middle of the chapter, we are given an insight into Georges life just after myrtles death, who realised he had nobody to go to and was desperate to know who had done such a thing to his wife, eventually coming to the conclusion that it moldiness have been Jay Gatsby. We then meet the climax at the end of the chapter as Wilson not only murders Gatsby, while he waited for Daisys phone call, but likewise himself. Fitzgerald writes the chapte r, as in the entire novel, through the persona of Nick, in a first-hand narrative.This aids in the telling of the entire recital, in this chapter in particular, because Nicks true devotion and loyalty to Gatsby as a friend, is evident in the respectful way and non-descript depiction of Gatsbys death- The chauffeur heard the shots. In resemblance to the description of Myrtles gruesome death in the previous chapter her left breast was swinging loose like a flap it shadow be argued that Nicks self- conscious narrative may actually be quite biased, choosing to withhold information from the reader and, contradicting the way he claimed not to be judgemental in chapter 1, by deciding which characters deserve to be respected and free to die with their dignity intact, despite each of their individual mistakes. Despite Fitzgerald makeup the chapter with aspects of tragedy, I do not believe the form of the chapter can be described as being so, but rather, as being tragic. For example, Gats bys hamartia is recognised completely in this chapter as his love and adoration of Daisy that hadnt been returned, the way he takes the blame for Myrtles death without any carve up of known gratitude, and his relentless trust and faith in her and the fact that he believes she is the key to his happiness and success in his life, eventually lead to his untimely dying while he still held onto the hope that she would return his beliefings for her.This helps to tell the story because it is seeative of society at the time, allowingFitzgerald to portray it as having provided a barrier among classes which could never be crossed, as Gatsby had attempted and was expecting of Daisy. An additional feature that makes the chapter tragic would be the catharsis experienced by the reader through Nicks realisation of Gatsbys mistakes this is because the reader desperately hopes that Gatsby himself will somehow come to the same conclusions that seem so obvious to everybody else- Theyre a rotten campaign Youre worth the whole damn bunch put together Throughout the chapter, Fitzgerald continuously makes connections between weather and the emotions in spite of appearance the novel, giving the impression that the fit of will somehow foreshadow and represent the outcomes later in the chapter. An example of this would be, the night had made a sharp difference in the weather and thither was an autumn flavour in the air.This use of pathetic fallacy could be used to foreshadow the sharp pain that Gatsby, will later feel as he is shot James Gatz represented by the weather in general as he had typically been a driving promote in the events throughout the novel, having lots of influence over mood and behaviour. Autumn has many connotations, some of which could be the falling of leaves, which symbolises the decay of Daisy and Gatsbys relationship, which has not moreover become totally obvious to Gatsby at this point in the chapter. Meanwhile Gatsby stops his gardener from emptying the pool that he hadnt yet used, In the same way that he is attached to the hope of making Daisy love him the way she used to, he insists on swimming in the pool as though it were still the summer that had just passed, seemingly overnight in contrast to the hottest day of the year in the last chapter, showing his incapability of forgetting the past, constantly trying to hold onto the memories they shared and to relive their time together.Regardless of the fact that Gatsbys past had been shared with us in chapter 6, in a intercourse time scale to the novel, Fitzgerald writes from Nicks perspective, telling the reader that it is at this point in Gatsbys life, that he had actually shared it with Nick. Nick describes the reason for this as being because Jay Gatsby had broken up like glass against Toms hard malice. Irony is used in this to tell the story as, throughout the novel, Gatsby had been an enigma to all and now, suddenly he is seen as transparent and easy to see through. Also , the use of the word glass gives the impression that, as glass, though it may seem strong on the outside, is weak and easily shattered, the pieces of which cannever be put back together perfectly, Gatsby is finally portrayed as a human with real emotion, showing that he is easily broken, foreshadowing his murder at the end of the chapter.The author uses Doctor T.J Eckleburgs eyes to represent the increasing meaninglessness of religion over time, particularly in the 1930s as, in the materialistic world between West musket ball and East Egg nobody had turned to religion but instead, thrive off of materialism and wealth, and so Eckleburg portrays the eyes of God and his omniscient nature- God sees everything- which been left and forgotten by the wealthy, and fallen victim to the valley of ashes, yet still embodies a moral standard of which all are expected to follow, no matter their stature within society. As a result of this, the story is able to advance through the chapter as Wilso n believes that by seeing the crime committed, God demands revenge and so, he leaves in search for the owner of the car who killed his wife.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Internet Piracy Essay

Abstr solveInternet plagiarism has drastic ally affected the music and video industry and by downloading illegally on the Internet, millions of Internet users swap billions of dollars worth of music and movies. With all the sharing of procureed materials, the music and make industry is losing millions of dollars. This research looks into the effects of Internet Piracy and menstruation campaigns to deter it. The study shows the effectiveness of existing campaigns and the relationship between the decline of the music and film industry and the rise of Internet Piracy. Exploring the good enough and bad of campaigns and utilize the information to propose a documentary to approach the problem. Raising awareness and work Internet users about Internet Piracy and try to have the numbers game chthonic control.1. IntroductionFighting against Internet plagiarism and infringement is a long-term mission and an uphill journey. Yan Xiao Hong, Deputy Director, National Copyright Administr ation of mainland China (quoted in AFP 2006)The exchange of information is nothing new. Technologies change, cultures change, and wad change, but in any point of human history there are people that copy and distribute the work of others in any form. Technologies that help the production and distribution of information heavily influenced the shape of history, especially when it is accessible to larger people of people. From prints to recordable medias, every technology advances us nearer to todays digital single archive sharing. Today, Internet pi deems operate online stealing billions of dollars worth of digital content every year (Fisk, 2009).By downloading illegally on the Internet, millions of users turned into pirates swapping billions of dollars worth of music and movies and other intellectual property that can be converted to digital format. With all the sharing of copyrighted materials, the music and film industry is losing millions of dollars (Fisk, 2009). Thus, Internet Piracy has drastically affected the music and film industry and Internet users need to be educated via a documentary on how to combat piracy in Singapore.2. Findings & Analysis2.1 BackgroundAccording to a trusted Internet raft, a careen 70% of Internet users think there is nothing wrong with online piracy (Go-Globe, 2011). In the context of the U.S economy alone, there is $12.5 billion dollars in losses, more than 70,000 lose jobs, and $2 billion in lost wages thus far Internet Piracy being the main cause. (Siwek, 2007). The niggling issue regarding Internet Piracy is severe. However, after decades and numerous efforts to stop it, the results of the actions taken by the entertainment and other industries have been futile, having no impact in reducing piracy amongst users. On the contrary, the rate of Internet Piracy has amplificationd significantly in recent years, and the figure will only continue its growth (Cones, 2010).2.2 SurveyThrough a survey put up by me, the results g athered were not surprising. Eighty-four percent of the online users surveyed have downloaded media in the past month but sixty-two percent do not mind paying for these media. When asked if they know the consequences of downloading copyrighted contents, seventy-three percent knew of the consequences but fifty-four are not afraid of getting caught. This has further cemented the make that the existing anti-piracy campaigns are not working. Although only thirty-five percent of interviewees are interested in taking part to combat Internet piracy, a slender increment of fourteen percent wants to be educated about piracy and fifty-four percent will watch documentaries about it.2.3 Existing CampaignsWith this established, it is needless to produce that existing anti-piracy campaigns and action taken thus far have had little to no effect. An mannequin is of companies taking the issue to court.There are two types of copyright infringement, civil and criminal and in both cases the users m ust be identified and evidence must be gathered before putting them into the arms of the law. In civil cases, copyright holders handle the process. In criminal cases, law enforcement units utilize distinct tools and techniques with variable reliability to gather evidence, often causing defragmentation in its accuracy. An example of one such unfortunate incident is the widely publicized lawsuit brought up by the RIAA against a deceased 83-year-old woman. She was accused of sharing over 700 songs under the username smittenedkitten. The case was later dropped by the RIAA after it was confirmed that the woman had never even owned a computer (Fisk, 2011).Another movement to deter piracy was the introduction of the Digital Rights Management (DRM). This technology makes it difficult for users to make copies of content. DMCA also legally protects DRM, making it a criminal offense to remove DRM protection. At present, approximately media contains some form of DRM (Fisk, 2011).Most DRM sche mes, however, only provide protection temporarily. The protection can still be easily cracked by professional pirates and make widely available.One popular movement most Internet users have occurred is the presence of a short video about piracy at the loot of movies in cinemas and retail DVDs and VCDs. However, such a movement is to a degree, arbitrary, as the videos primary target audience is piracy supporters. Ironically, this has, instead of deterring piracy, conduct to users turning to it in search for more freedom. The same content could be available online- and without the presence of irritating advertisements that block the movie itself.2.4 Piracy Campaigns rebel campaigning has been more successful amongst the campaigns. In August 21, 2006, an organization dubbed The League of Noble Peers released a documentary in support of Internet Piracy. The documentary withdraw This Film was distributed freely on BitTorrent, a software frequented by Internet pirates to share copyrigh ted content. The film received wide positive reviews and was screened across film festivals from all around the world (King, 2008).The campaign against Anti-Piracy is much more successful mainly because the pro-piracy organizations made use of the much hated force feeding methods deployed by copyright holders and make it to their benefits. Although misleading and being one-sided, the film is extremely effective and hence, manages to spur a movement against Anti-Piracy The copyright holders plan backfired.2.5 bang-up CampaignsThe first step to making a good campaign is to study what works and what do not. In this case it is quite obvious that the methods used by the The league of Noble Peers work and the copyright holders methods are not working. Hence, the best way to educate Internet users and combat piracy is to create an effective and different documentary and distribute it for free online.The documentary The Cove is a good example of an effective and good documentary. By chall enging the question head on with scoop footage vista in a unique perspective, it managed to become one of the best and most influential documentaries that caused a movement with the intended and desired effect. A 94 percent positive rating from both Rotten Tomatoes and IMDB.com proved the huge positive reception for the documentary (Rotten Tomatoes Various Authors, 2009). Thus the model of a good documentary is effective at spreading information and educates people.3. ConclusionInternet Piracy, despite years of effort to deter it, the existing campaigns messages are not square or effective enough to keep Internet Piracy at bay. Therefore, after studying the good and bad of these existing campaigns, a necessary solvent has to be done to control the situation. Thus, after knowing the proven effect of a documentary, there is a need for a good documentary to educate online users about Internet Piracy to have the numbers within control. From the above analysis, making a documentary is one of the best options to try and deter the increase in Internet Piracy. With the documentary, more people will be aware of the issue and understand what the industry is going through with Internet Piracy soon affecting the market. Hence with the proposed documentary, results will be highly positive and have the number of Internet Piracy under control.4. RecommendationsThe documentary will be shot as an investigative documentary and the approach will not be a traditional documentary but a new approach analogous to The Cove. The documentary will take viewers through the insights of local music and film industry, to introduce the hard work behind the contents they produced over the years. The film will gradually take a stand against Internet Piracy by showing the negativity, cause and effects to the economy due to illegal file sharing over the years.The showing of such effects includes some potential creative firms closing down due to the decline in sales because of the act of d ownloading illegally. The documentary will take a turn in mood and attempts to go behind the scene to track down Internet pirates and following government activity to prosecute them. The documentary will end off with local musicians and filmmakers having their say against Internet Piracy. The film will be distributed for free over the Internet via torrent, streaming sites and file-sharing forums and hopefully on free-to-air television networks to increase exposure for the film.ReferencesCones, J. (2010). Business plans for filmmakers. Southern Illinois University Press.Fisk, N. (2011). Digital piracy. New York Chelsea House.Fisk, N. (2009). Understanding online piracy The truth about illegal file sharing. Santa Barbara, CA ABC-CLIO.Go-Globe. (2011, November 01). Online piracy. Retrieved from http//www.go-gulf.com/blog/online-piracyKing, J. (January 3, 2008). The Future Doesnt Care About The Bank Balance but the 1/1000 do. Retrieved fromhttp//www.jamie.com/2008/01/03/the-future-doe snt-care-about-your-bank-balance-but-the-11000-do/Rotten Tomatoes Various Authors. (2009). The cove. Retrieved from http//www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1208882-cove/Siwek, S. (2007, August 21).The true cost of sound recording piracy to the US economy. Retrieved from http//www.ipi.org/ipi_issues/detail/the-true-cost-of-sound-recording-piracy-to-the-us-economy

Monday, May 20, 2019

Why Metal Music Does Not Create Violence in Teenagers

Loud, aggressive, and fast, surface music has been accepted worldwide as an acceptable genre of music. Yet, some raft ignore non comprehend a genre of music that thrives on being the horror movie of music, and purposefully creates dispute at nearly every turn. The media has irresponsibly finger-pointed (Sterngold). One of the most recent examples of metallic element being beatified for a national tragedy was in the shooting of Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords. Here, a song by Drowning jackpot was unholyd as the sole motivator for the shootings.However, the most prolific example of the media irresponsibly finger-pointing at metal music has to be the case of aquilegia. After the Columbine shootings, the authorities placed sole blame on Marilyn Manson and his music for the shootings suggesting that Mansons music, or his fans, incite military group (Sterngold). The only problem with their claims was the concomitant that the ii shooters did not listen to, nor where they fans of , Mansons controversial music. This brings the question of whether or not the claims placed on metal music for pick outing to violent behavior ar true and can be supported.An example of what those who designate metal has a direct correlation to forcefulness say that Mansons music promotes hate, violence, death, suicide, drug use, and the attitudes and actions of the Columbine High School Killers (DAngelo). However, the other side of the story can be best stated by Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo when he said, Were telling stories. Its not actions-its just music. Its fantasy stuff, just putting thoughts on paper, thats a crime? (Considine).Although metal is dark, heavy, and often times inappropriate, it does not have a detri cordial effect on an otherwise normal and productive listener, especially teenagers, because metal is just a different genre of music, meaning that its lyrics do not have a negative affect on an otherwise normal listener. To begin, artists are too often misi nterpreted and bashed with claims that are stretched to the point of lies, creating the sagaciousness that all of their listeners can be stereotyped into a select, violent, group.One case of this can be with the mint Slayer, one of the most popular thrash metal rotarys of all time. Slayer has been sued multiple times and is one of the most controversial bands in history. The band was sued twice by California parents who claimed their daughter was murdered in a ritual inspired by Slayers music, yet both suits where dismissed (Considine). It overly really frustrates the musicians who work so hard to make music, only to see themselves harmed because of it. As Lombardo says sarcastically, If they take my drums away, I guess I cant play any more(prenominal).But I dont see that happening, unless Im living in a Communist culture. (Considine). It also agitates the fans who feel that they are misconstrued and all used as inferior examples of what music can do to people. Slayers fanbase contains more MENSA members than any other metal band (Considine). At this point in time it is also honest to say that people know what they are getting into and what to expect from a band named Slayer. No, this is no band for virgin ears, but this does not give reason for it to be said that they straightway turn habitual human beings into monsters.Slayer knows that where they go, controversy will naturally follow, and this for years has been a successful marketing official document (Considine). Although Slayer is only one example, this idea spreads all the way to people trying to exempt violence, and purpose scapegoats throughout the media with similar attributes to metal. Also, violence in the media has often been enlarged, and statistics are often inaccurate to the point where a consistent thesis is no longer possible. According to James K. Fitzpatrick, a former teacher at a Catholic school, his former students who listened to metal went on to lead successful, calm, lives , which in his opinion, proved that the lyrics of songs do not have long term effects on the listener. It also brings to mind exactly why kids in an environment like this would choose metal, when it is really not condoned or accepted. It can be inferred that they chose this because of the idea that it would overstep adults and others in their lives. According to Fitzpatrick, perfectly normal kids listen to shock rock.There are certain types of kids who like being associated with music that offends some adults (Fitzpatrick). There is an emphasis with Fitzpatrick that lyrics are not detrimental to listeners in the long term and that they are in the end generally meaningless in the quality of a persons life. He states that I have seen fans of other rock groups that caused great anxiety to parents in the 1980s vaned in a similar way. (Fitzpatrick) Another reason for the explanation of why violence is often exaggerated can be the occurrence that violence is so often overstated since we see so piddling of it. As Rhodes said we live in one of the least violent eras in peacetime history(OHehir 32). Our cabaret has surely changed in the way we view violence since we are exposed to so little of it. go forth troupe has also changed because of the way we deal with violence. It used to be that we ensured we avoided it all times. Now it seems like we near react positively to certain types of violence. By viewing violent entertainment individuals will leave with pent up tendencies gone, and anger released (Sparks 115).It seems as though times are truly changing and that in fact violent lyrics do not make mad men, and violence can in fact do some good for certain people. Next, is the fact that metal music is often scapegoated for events where peoples emotions predominate high, and accusations fly because people feel a need to know a reason. Metal is often head start blamed but a majority of these claims are false and without proof. A majority of these claims stati ng that metal lyrics lead to long term mental problems have been biased, in-conclusive, or accurate.As Harvard physiologist Steven Pinker wrote, Media violence research has been flawed and in-conclusive at best, and a great funding scam at worst. (OHehir 25). These claims are strong, and his claims have been backed up by other sources fighting against the claims of others. MIT Professor Henry Jenkins observed that the idea that violent entertainment had consistent and inevitable effects on viewers was inadequate and simplistic. (OHehir 27). Another reason for the increased blame put on metal is the rise of the digital age, and with it the rise in metal music videos and horror movies.Some would go as far to say that these videos alter the mind producing a mentally unstable person. Yet, as others would claim, media depictions of violence are inherently attractive to the masses, only truly affecting a few people, and are never the sole reason for any mental instability. This is call ed the Aesthetic hypothesis of Vandalism or The Aesthetic Theory of Destruction. The theory states that the same things that account for the enjoyment associated with socially acceptable experiences are similarly responsible for the frolic associated with acts of destruction.Not to mention the fact that from what limited televised media there was in the 1950s and 1960s, a majority of it was uncensored, and unregulated. 50s TV was profoundly routed in guns and gunfire, to a degree that would provoke outspread outrage today (OHehir 31). The explanations for blaming metal are not true and barely factually based. Furthermore, metal does not have an affect on the mental stability of a listener, and the there have yet to be a definitive solution to explain that it does.In short, it becomes apparent that there is no correlation between metal and violent behavior, and in fact anger can released when listening to metal. It is also true that metal being blamed for social problems can be gen eralized into the topic of media violence being blown out of proportion when in fact, our society is generally less violent and more regulated than in previous generations. The question becomes, what can be done about it? The gap between the fans of metal and those against it has always been a large gap, and one that has seldom attempted to be bridged.First, it takes recogniseing that it is not okay to generalize fans and bands into a group of evil people, and understand also that a majority of the listeners understand that indeed the music they listen to is offensive, and that they enjoy that aspect of it. true people who want to listen to this music will, and if they like it, obviously they will continue (Fitzpatrick). It is also all important(p) to truly know the person, and never assume that something like listening to a genre of music immediately translates into a personality characteristic or flaw. People like violent in your face things in spite of, not because of, violenc e only in rare circumstances where the media itself is too good for the violence to negatively affect the experience. (Sparks 115). When debating the human psyche it is important not to let emotions, biases and judgments interfere with rationale. It is important to listen, and odour at facts, proof, and remember that those who appear like a metalhead would, are very different people than you whitethorn think.

Sunday, May 19, 2019

Salvage Law: Stipulations And Amendments

save levelheaded philosophy dictates the renovation voluntarily rendered in relieving straightlacedty from an impend peril at sea or other navigable waters by those under no good obligation to do so. Thus, under naval fair play, economise refers to the act of rescuing or recovering authorized objects in a deteriorating or perilous province at sea of people who ask no legal business (e. g. marines, navy). Salvage lawfulness excessively nar strays the even come forward of the lay asider to proper requital from the possessor of tell material dimension.This law inhibits embezzlement on the part of salvors and encourages attempts to save property. The basic stipulation of the law embodies the sp argon- clip activity argonas property, demeanor, and treasure scavenge. Basic premise of a lay aside claim must fulfil the following criteria 1. There must be a marine peril placing the property at risk of loss, devastation or deterioration. 2. The understood serv ice must be voluntarily rendered and not withdrawd by an breathing duty or by exceptional subscribe to.3. The allay efforts must be successful, in whole or in part. Stress is given on the accomplishment of the attempt in exhibition for monetary privileges to be given. With regard to the first indispensability, the question lies on the state of a marine vas or ravish that exposes or threatens certain properties to loss or destruction. The riskiness need not be imminent or actual all that is needed is a reasonable apprehension of danger. However, if the watercraft has the situation under control, there is no peril. In regulateing for salvage law to act upon its tenets, there must be a reasonable ca single- measured function or status of danger on a maritime vessel as well as its property on board. If there is no threat of danger, materials contained from such(prenominal)(prenominal) cannot be considered as salvage.The degree of danger or peril is distinguished through t he level of amount in salvage recompense hardly does not necessarily guarantee the right to fee. As say The degree of peril, whether slight, lower or sever, affects only the amount of the exhibit, but not the entitlement of the salvor to a salvage award. In addition, maritime vessels that are driven aground, reefs, shoals, reefs, or both other impeding natural obstacle are considered to be in a state of danger. In such cases where vessels are exposed to natural forces such as gales, waves, or stormy weather, and places itself in a helpless situation that leads to further damage and threat of submersion, the principles of salvage rule applies. Second, the voluntary constitution in the act of salvage is set(p) through an individual or partys legal right to provide assistance.Professional salvors who mainly act of economic procure are not exempted from the rule they are overly considered as volunteers in the part of regaining threaten property. Lastly, the third requirement move under the no cure, no pay under the principle of salvage rule wherein the act itself must be successful in order to fall under the requirements of proper fee. A no cure, no pay scenario a salvor may only be give if the motion is successful whereas a contract salvaging necessarily pays the salvor at a fixed rate whether or not the rescue attempts may be successful or not.On liability, the salvor has the certificate of indebtedness of performing the salvage effort with skill whatsoever property damaged during the attempt will take the award amount. The salvor however, when the operation is unsuccessful, is not held responsible for the loss sustained by property owners other caused by erratic or irresponsible behavior. Salvage law is based on the right of the salvor to proper compensation for the labor provided not to the title of property or loot during the operation itself.Salvage and Towage. The basic difference amid the two principles lies on the degree of danger on t he part of salvage situations whereas towage simply involves the service that is based on the employment of one vessel to expedite the sail of another when nothing more is required that the acceleration of her progress. Towage involves the context for convenience where vessels only require assistance in completing its journey. Acts of towing vessels without the presence of danger does not fall under salvage rules owners of said vessels are not authorize to pay the salvage compensation on the part of the volunteers.Again, the necessity for a salvage claim falls under the degree in which the property is in danger. The distinguishing fact surrounded by the two claims is that towage is the lack of danger. Contract Salvage Documents such as salvage contracts is a pass on stipulation for the need of clarification on the name of payment concerning owners and salvors as well as peculiar(prenominal) criterion in which the degree of safety of salvaged properties are agreed upon. These criterions may pertain to issues such as security, interest, legal fees, and arbitration, among others.However, the basic requirement for salvage contracts to work upon still lies on the success of the operation itself, otherwise the contract may be considered null and void unless working on a certain judicial admission such as fixed rate that does not rely on the success of the operation. This particular(prenominal)ation falls under contractual salvage go wherein parties involved work for economic gain rather that playing on volunteer efforts. Another distinction is make if the assigned contract has fixed compensation applicably nonrecreational upon the success of the operation, it falls under a fixed no cure, no pay contract.Difference is make between a pure salvage operation wherein individuals or parties involved are considered volunteers in the strictest champion of the word where there is no contractual concord between property owners and salvors. Contract salvage en ables touch parties to rescue property after disclosing an agreement regarding the safety of salvaged property and efforts which involve its recuperation will be remunerated accordingly.Treasure and Property Salvage. As stipulated in the above requirements under salvage law, a salvor is entitled to compensation not the right to property of the salvaged materials. The right of ownership is immediately assumed to be still within the business office of the owner. This rule also applies to properties that are abandoned by its owner and gum olibanum cannot be claimed as personal property of salvors. Salvage law must also be contrasted with the law of finds where the ancient principle finders keepers applies.It is understood that abandoned properties in order for the law to be applicable, must have consent from the owner that expresses abandonment on the right of ownership to the property. If no consent is given, then the gaga rule applies. The only probable dilemma in the rule of sa lvage and finds is on treasure and artifacts on ancient shipwrecks where no rules apply. Life Salvage maritime law does not clearly specify any stipulation to salvage compensation or reinforcement during trading trading operations concerning the involvement of people or life salvage.The distinction is made wherein there is no concept of property in stead with salvage law requirements. Any salvor who may save a human life does not apply any right of property to the person saved, the owner, or contents of cargo. However, the US Standby Act provides the responsibility to ship captains to ensure or render assistance to any person who is in danger at sea while husbanding safety and command over his/her own vessel. A master or person in charge of a vessel shall, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his own vessel, crew, or passengers, render assistance to every person who is found at sea in danger of being lost. In cases where life and property are involved, there are certain points in which the salvage award is incrementd with regard to the nature of the properties rescued as well as considering the lives saved. However, this stipulation is often negated with the notion of assistance or volunteerism on the part of the salvors.Compensation. In determining compensation, The Blackwall provides six factors in which the nature of salvage award falls under 1. The degree of danger from which the vessel was rescued. 2. The post-casualty value of the property being saved. 3. The risk incurred in saving the property from impending peril. 4. The promptitude, skill, and zero displayed in rendering the service and salving the property. 5. The value of the property employed by the salvors and the danger to which it was exposed. 6. The cost in foothold of labor and materials expended by the salvors in rendering salvage service.In considering the compensation, the peril the vessel is placed upon must be taken into account as well as the danger(s) brought ab out by the situation that may lead to the behavior or actions of the salvors. In addition, salvors are not encouraged to increase time and effort with regard the operation in hopes of enhancing the reward in terms of willingly increase the damage of a vessel. After enumerating the basic stipulations of the salvage law, we turn to the SCOPIC and the salvage convention in order to determine the differences of policy and/or rule with regard to maritime law.The LOF, SCOPIC, and Salvage Convention The following amendments on the nature of salvage law deals with the special and specific circumstances concerning the nature and amount of reward in terms of the nature, effort, and other requirements in contrast with the basic precepts of the law. Lloyds Open form of Salvage (LOF) is a standard legal document created by London-based insurance political party Lloyds of London in lieu with maritime salvage operations wherein the company acts as an supreme authority between owner and salvers c oncerning retrieval operations.The legal document is literally open because it does not specify any amount of money for salvage operations in the beginning of any contractual agreement. The amount is later arbitrated by a representative of the company for the serve rendered of the salvors within the degrees of distinction that are combined with the precepts of salvage and law and of the policies of the company..The open forms characteristics are enumerated as thus the salvor enters to an agreement with the contract to utilize best efforts to save the vessel along with cargo and to ensure its safe delivery to a prescribe place of safety the services performed fall under the no cure, no pay principle the services prior to the signing of the contract is taken into consideration the concerned parties may use vessel equipment free from charge from the salvor(s) the amount of the reward is determined by a committee at the company or an assigned arbitrator for the specific case the metho d of arbitration is bound to London and English laws and lastly, an appeal on the nature of the arbiters award to the committee. Thus, the nature of the LOF is legally concerned on a partial agreement between concerned parties which specifically takes the agreement into more formal terms wherein the salvors has the advantage of higher remuneration for services rendered compared to the normative conditions of Salvage law.This readiness is intended for contractual or professional salvage operations determined by success. The agreement does not fall under special contractual services since the determinants in such agreements are dependent of fixed order and whether or not the operation would be a success. In relation to the International Convention of Salvage of 1989 (herewith known as IMO) and the basic provisos of the Salvage law, amendments are made mainly concerning the identification of instances that enable salvers the right to attain special compensation which in essence still falls under the no cure, no pay principle. Similar to the Salvage law and the LOF, the amendment in the IMO perch on the buffer position of the first law.The main difference lies on the formation of a requirement in order to attain special compensation on the part of the salvers within the additional terms external factors and material usage. In contrast with the open monetary provision of LOF, the agreement between the owner and salvors are direct instead of relying on a third party neutral mediator. Chapter III of the IMO discusses the right of salvors in terms of the operations itself, notably the following sections. Aricle III, section 2 states Except as otherwise provided, no payment is due under this convention if the salvage operations have had no efficacious result. Similarly, the provision still falls under the original stipulations of the Salvage law.However, specs are made on the preceeding word and sections such as Article 14, Section 1 states If the salvor has c arried out salvage operations in respect of a vessel which by itself or its cargo threatened damage to the surround and has failed to fix a reward under Article 13 at least equivalent to the special compensation assessable in accordance with this article, he shall be entitled to the special compensation from the owner of that vessel equivalent to his expenses as herein defined. In contrast with The Blackwall criteria on the substructure of the award system on salvage law practices, the IMO convention amends the aforementioned requirements as stated in Article 13 1. The salved value of the vessel and other property.2. The skill and efforts of the salvors in preventing or minimizing damage to the environment. 3. The measure of success obtained by the salvor. 4. The nature and degree of danger. 5. The skill and efforts of the salvors in saving the vessel, other property, and life. 6. The time used and expenses and losses incurred by the salvors. 7. The risk of liability and other ris ks run by the salvors or their equipment. 8. The promptness of the services rendered. 9. The availability and use of vessels or other equipment intended for salvage operations. 10. The state of readiness and efficiency of the salvors equipment and the value thereof.The aforementioned amendments differ from the prior stipulations on the grounds of external or environmental factors and the specifications of compensation with regards to the nature of the operation itself. The amendments however still fall under the principle of the operations success in determining the right to the specified compensations. Article 14 provides that individuals may only receive special compensation, which acknowledge proper remuneration for expenses such as equipment used during the recovery operations, are not properly compensated by the salvage fee. The difference then is shown between the International Convention on Salvage law and the LOF.In contrast with the basic stipulations of the salvage law, t he salvage amendments and the LOF stress on the importance of compensation and award through specifications of instances wherein concerned parties are properly paid with the addition of compensation for used equipment as presented in Article 14. Section two of the same article provides a mark increase and further specification on which the terms of agreement between owners and salvors may agree upon. If, in the circumstance set out in paragraph 1, the salvor by his salvage operations has prevented or minimized damage to the environment, the special compensation payable by the owner to salvor under paragraph 1 may be increased up to a maximum of 30% of the expenses incurred by the salvor.The prior amendment furthers the exact amount of compensation as opposed to the basic stipulations in The Blackwell pabulum. Further, the SCOPIC clause aims for the endorsement of the 1989 amendments but subsequently present obligation in relation to provisions in the special compensation section. The clause also functions to supplement the LOF which includes the provisions in Article 14. The main premise of SCOPIC is the contractor shall have the option to invoke by indite notice to the owners of the vessel the SCOPIC clause set our hereafter at any time of his choosing regardless of the circumstance and, in particular, regardless of whether or not there is a threat of damage to the environment. As a supplement, the clause acts as a special addition on the part of salvor in terms of remuneration that further adds benefits upon completion of the necessary requirements found on Article 13 in the IMO. In relation to the provisions set in the LOF, the SCOPIC clause may be invoked at any time by the contractor or the salvors whether or not it adheres to the stipulations made in Article 13, specifically the threats to environment regarding the operation itself. Differentially, the Special Casualty Representatives (SCRs) act as the same function as that of LOF mediators but are ap pointed by owners in order to determine that nature of the operation. In addition, any award mentioned in the ten amendments in the IMO is discounted by at least 25% of the amount on a basis that it exceeds the totality of Article 13 awardsIn addition to the rates set out above and any out of pocket expenses, the Contractor shall be entitled to a standard bonus of 25% of those rates except that if the out of pocket expenses, the Contractor shall be entitled to a standard bonus of 25% of those rates except that if the out of pocket expenses described. Sharply contrasting the provisions set in article 13, the clause provides an alternative method in enabling to negotiate claims outside the LOF and the IMO with referral to the proposed tariff systems regarding vessel tugs, equipment, and manpower. In contrast, the LOF does not grant power over salvors to terminate a previously agreed LOF contract which obliges the salvage team to perform their responsibility in their best attempt. Howe ver, clause 9 of the SCOPIC statesThe contractor shall be entitled to terminate the services under the SCOPIC clause and the main agreement by written notice to owners of the vessel if the total cost of his services to date and the services that will be need to fulfill his obligations hereinafter to property will exceed the sum of a. The value of property capable of being salved and b. All sums to which he will be entitled as SCOPIC remuneration. The provision gives the equal right on the part of salvors to maintain the power of dicker if and only if circumstances arise in relation to the aforementioned provision. Conclusion In summation, the nature of salvage law is highly dependent on the manner in which material or physical objects are retrieved in relation to the degree of danger the operation is carried out. The law is divided into contract, treasure, and property salvage.As such any act of salvage in the part of salvors is entitled to proper compensation coming from owners of said materials in danger. The nature of salvage is differentiated with towage in the virtuoso that the originator is situational the process in which materials are retrieved must be in context with immediate danger or deteriorating physical conditions of vessels that also provide threat to cargo or passengers whereas the latter is concerned with assistance of an incapacitated sea vehicle in completing the journey without any threat on the physical social welfare of the vessel. Salvors are necessarily implied as volunteers, in the altruistic sense of the word, where individuals who do not have legal responsibilities in undertaking recovery operations.However, salvage law also applies to legal operations unit such as the marines or the coast guard who are also applicable under proper compensation rights in exceeding the standard requirements of duty in the process of operations. Salvors may also be use to professional and economical groups who provide their service under a fixed rate of compensation with also a contractual understanding that the award may be paid whether or not the operation is a success. The stipulations from the LOF agreement, IMO convention, and the SCOPIC clause mainly act as specifications of the tenets provided in the Salvage law wherein the LOF is a third-party bargaining agreement that takes into account the original provisions of the law and the amendments stipulated in the IMO (e. g. o cure, no pay principle) but does not specify the amount of remuneration on the part of the salvors with the understanding that the amount is negotiated upon by the owners and salvors with a mediator. This functions as a non-government independent body concerning the bargaining nature of the law. On the other hand, the IMO convention is the amendment of the principles stated in the original depositions of the salvage law such as the duty to provide assistance whenever necessary with the additional tenets concerning environmental factors, coastal stat es, elaboration of duties/party responsibilities and the special compensation system upon compliance of requirements.The IMO amendments also function as a specific response to contractual salvage operations in order to properly accord the reward system as well retaining the original In contrast with the original positions, the IMO amendments, specifically stated in Article 13, specifically adds that the environment must be taken into consideration in minimizing or preventing damage in order to qualify for the award. Equipment is also taken into the jurisdiction as the salvors have the responsibility to not increase liability that equipments might cause during the process of retrieval or upon the materials itself. In relation with contractual agreements, the amendments also cover the professional viewpoint of hired salvage service as it is necessary for promptness or strict compliance to procedures in order to be considered legal. The added provision leads to the creation of the spec ial compensation section where salvors may be duly compensated with the equipment used during the operations if the fee does not suitably fulfill the expenses.Lastly, the SCOPIC clause functions as an additional provision on the LOF agreement where added provisions are given in behalf of the salvors themselves which in this sense equally provide a sense of equal bargaining power with owners. The clause mainly calls for the power of salvors to terminate existing LOF contracts during circumstance wherein the contractors (salvors) announce that the service will exceed the value of the property retrived and the sums stipulated in SCOPIC remuneration. The basic LOF agreement necessarily state the inability of contractors to terminate their contracts as the owners have complete right over their services during salvage procedures. Salvors are necessarily obligated to act upon to the best of their ability to perform the operation to success in order to qualify for the award.However, the SC OPIC clause, with reference to the provisions set by the basic Salvage law, the LOF, and IMO provide an extension of power for contractors in terms of remuneration agreements wherein the procedure itself, if it exceeds certain requirements, duly grant the power of salvors to terminate the contract. In addition, the appointment of an SCR is important upon agreement of both parties and exercise of the SCOPIC clause. The SCR is then obligated to attend the operation itself with a number of representatives appointed by a committee. Thus, the salvage law and the aforementioned provisions discuss the cosmopolitan idea jurisdiction and nature of the law and amendments made to cover certain concerns.BibliographyAnderson, A, Salvage and Recreational Vessels redbrick Concepts and MisconceptionsU.S.F. Maritime Law Journal June 1993.International Convention on Salvage, 1989 International Maritime Organization (IMO),1997, retrieved 6 April 2009, Lloyds Standard Form of Salvage Agreement (Appro ved and Published by the Council of Lloyds) 2000 A-L, retrieved 6 April 2009, Mankabady, S, The International Maritime Organization, 2nd edn, Routledge, 1987Schoenbaum T, Admiralty and Maritime Law, 2nd edn, West Group Publishing, USA, 1994.SCOPIC Clause 2007 p.1Smith, N, The Law of Salvage, University of Puget Sound, 1994.

Saturday, May 18, 2019

“Archetypes for a Contemporary Audience” Essay

Myths argon an important cultural aspect that were, and are to this day, used commonly to help teach morals and life lessons. Strength, courage, and fortitude are just a few caseistics addressed in mythology. The archetypal lay go forth of an exemplary story is composed of the cardinal Stages. The Twelve Stages of a subs journey are the steps eery person m overagediness take in order to prove ones self as a genius. fabulous pigboates such as Theseus, Sigurd, and Beowulf clearly demonstrate the archetypal qualities of a hero.A typical hero is seen as a morally just individual, with a noticeably ethical intent. An archetypal quality of a hero is moral unplayfulness. The hero is evermore opposing villainy and wrong-doing, while attempting his best to halt it. The hero is altruistic always willing to give his life in place of another.A villain, or monster, is the opposed rend of the hero, whose intent is solely based around a malicious and self-centered motive. The shadow-sel f of a graphic symbol is oftentimes portrayed as the villain, or monster, but it has a much great(p)er importance. The shadow-self illustrates the two extremes of a personality. Since the shadow-self is the double-dyed(a) opposite of a character, the good and bad qualities of that character are shown, the shadow self of a character can have both(prenominal) good and bad aspects.When someone is able to control the good aspects of both characters, the individual is able to grow and learn from themselves. The shadow-self is often used in literature, because it is seen as the perfect contest for the protagonist. An example in literature would be Beowulf and Grendel. Beowulf is a great hero driven by good morals and intentions, while Grendel is a soulless monster living only to cause pain and death. some other example would be Sigurd and Regin. Sigurd is somewhat naive and physically strong, Regin, being the opposite, is extremely intelligent and persuasive, but not physically b ig-shouldered.Monsters are often confused with the shadow-self, but the monster can share similar qualities, values, and goals with the protagonist. approximately monsters are shown as creatures, or batch, who are not bound by the conforming laws set in place for the average person. In many cases with monsters in literature, at that place is a figurative veil wasted over them shrouding them in mystery and uncertainty.These aspects draw peoples fascination by providing the reader with a form of escapism. Thus, allowing the reader to break away from the dull, constant, day-to-day routine oftheir lives, and discover a new unfamiliar world. By providing this new reality for the reader the monsters role in the narrative is greatly enhanced. When combining heroic qualities with villainous attributes, a perfect balance is formed. Most literature contains some stylus of conflict in the midst of heroes and villains. Without conflict, the story would have no distinguishable design or pu rpose.Without the purpose or design the story would ramble aimlessly, until a much desired conclusion is reached. This leads back into the balance between hero and villain, because the existence of a hero or villain depends greatly upon the existence of the other. The reason for this is simple, because there is no need for a hero if there is no villain, and the same applies to a villain, who has no hero to rise up against. The voyage and quest of a hero is often riddled with hardship and imposition Then an old harrower of the dark happened to find the hoard open, the burning one who deciphers out barrows, the slick-skinned genus Draco, threatening the shadow sky with streamers of fire.People on the farms are in dread of him. He is driven to hunt out hoards under ground, to guard heathen gold When the dragon awoke, trouble flared again. He rippled down the rock, wri subject with anger when he saw the footprints of the prowler who had stolen too close to his dreaming head. So may a man not marked by fate easily escape exile and woe by the grace of God. (Heaney-155) This quote from Beowulf shows that quest for treasure is always challenging.The road to the treasure is filled with tests and confrontations that are mould in place to challenge the heros skills and knowledge. When the location of the treasure is finally reached, there is always a final obstacle blocking the way of the treasure. A common example of this is a dragon in its lair, sleeping soundly, guarding its treasure from unwanted thieves. Beowulfs final fight with the dragon is an obvious example.In the story, Theseus and the Ariadne Thread Theseus uses a thread given to him by Ariadne. As may be imagined, he do no difficulty about that, and she gave him the clue she had got from Daedalus, a ball of thread which he was to fasten at one end to the inside of the door and unwind as he went on. This he did and, certain that he could retrace his steps whenever he chose, he walked boldly into the maz e, looking for the Minotaur.(Theseus 776)The thread was used to help Theseus phone where he had already been,and to lead him back to his original starting position, and keep him from getting lost in the maze. A valuable lesson can be learned from this thread, as it symbolizes connection to a person, place, or thing that brings us back to reality, when we are in need of direction.The slaying of the dragon is seen as the overcoming of an obstacle after(prenominal) what seemed minutes, he thought, I must(prenominal) risk it now. With that he straightened his knees and drove the sword upward with all his force. It tore up through the cloak, through the loose earth, and on with the force of his arm until it buried itself to the hilt. A great cry came from the monster. (Who Are You Quoting Here?)Being able to overcome an obstacle is important, because it allows the person to undergo transplant and growth. As a contemporary audience we are able to read this, and be able to arrest the knowledge gained from reading, in our own lives.The heroic epic poem Beowulf is a remarkable example of archetypes in a story. Beowulf is centered on a Scandinavian hero who is both strong and cunning. Beowulf is the classic hero everyone envisions when they think of a hero. Grendel, Beowulfs shadow-self, is an obvious archetypal villain. Beowulfs many quests represent the typical hunt for treasure. Beowulfs final adventure, which would lead to his death, was by far the most archetypal of all of his endeavors, completing the fail few stages of the Heros Journey.The poem Beowulf has a lot of psychological depth contained within the story. In preparation for the battle with Grendels mother, Beowulf must sink to the bottom of a lake, to get to the underwater lair. Beowulf must sink for hours to get to the bottom, and in doing so, this event displays that Beowulfs mental strength is just as robust as his physical strength.Once Beowulf reached Grendels mothers lair, Hrunting, a sword th at had never failed in battle, was broken when it attempted to pierce the monsters skin. Beowulf was quick to disarm the sword and reequip with a demonssword, which happened to be conveniently placed in the lair.The significance of this in the story demonstrates the idea that un-useful things should be quickly discarded, as they are only weighing you down. Letting go of things that only slow you down, or hold you back from your true potential, will free you to move forward in your lifes quest. Once an obstacle, or hindrance, in your life is gone, you are able to look for another alternative or way out.The last important archetypal piece in Beowulf is Beowulfs final fight with the dragon. This fulfills two of the 12 stages The Resurrection and the Return with the Elixir. When Beowulf defeats the dragon, but is also killed in the process, the resurrection is displayed when Beowulf comes to release his death. When Beowulf realizes his death is upon him he reminisces about his old hero ic deeds, and comprehends the valor of his actions.The twelfth stage is exemplified when Wiglaf, the only one of Beowulfs men who didnt surrender him, retrieves some of the treasure, won by Beowulf, and shows Beowulf the spoils. Finally, when Wiglaf returns to the people and tells them of Beowulfs death, along with a prediction of the upcoming days, the people fully realize what their leader has done for them, and they feel sorrow and remorse.The works of literature Beowulf, Sigurd the Dragon grampus, and Theseus still maintain relevance in todays society. The heroic qualities of these heroes are still admire and sought after by the people of today. Reading these stories will provide the reader with a greater knowledge of how our society bases its morals.The morals of any society are based on the archetype of whom ever that society deems to be the ultimate good example. The age old battle between good and evil is still being fought out in everyday life, and each one of us is a cha racter in the drama of human history. We all need heroes, because we all feel the threat of evil, or villains, in our lives.